package dkohl.bayes.inference;

import java.util.LinkedList;
import java.util.List;

import dkohl.bayes.bayesnet.BayesNet;
import dkohl.bayes.probability.Assignment;
import dkohl.bayes.probability.ProbabilityAssignment;
import dkohl.bayes.probability.Variable;

/**
 * Enumeration Algorithm: Exact inference in Baysian Networks.
 * 
 * @author Daniel Kohlsdorf
 * 
 */
public class EnumerateAll {

	/**
	 * The probability distribution of a variable.
	 * 
	 * @param query
	 *            the variable
	 * @param net
	 *            the bayes net defining the independence
	 * @param assignments
	 *            a set of assignments in this net.
	 * @return
	 */
	public static List<ProbabilityAssignment> enumerateAsk(
			Variable query, BayesNet net, List<Assignment> assignments) {
		LinkedList<Variable> variables = net.getVariables();
		LinkedList<ProbabilityAssignment> result = new LinkedList<ProbabilityAssignment>();

		// Evaluate probability for each possible
		// value of the variable by enumeration
		for (String value : query.getDomain()) {
			LinkedList<Assignment> temp = new LinkedList<Assignment>();
			temp.addAll(assignments);
			temp.add(new Assignment(query, value));
			double prob = enumerateAll(net, variables, temp);
			result.add(new ProbabilityAssignment(query, value, prob));
		}
		return result;
	}

	/**
	 * Decides if a variable is hidden or not. A variable is hidden if it is not
	 * assigned.
	 * 
	 * @param variable
	 *            the variable in question.
	 * @param assignments
	 *            all the assignments
	 * @return true if not assigned
	 */
	private static boolean hidden(Variable variable,
			LinkedList<Assignment> assignments) {
		for (Assignment assignment : assignments) {
			if (assignment.getVariable().getName().equals(variable.getName())) {
				return false;
			}
		}
		return true;
	}

	/**
	 * Recursively evaluate probability of an assignment.
	 * 
	 * Can be seen as depth first search + backtracking (branching on hidden
	 * nodes)
	 * 
	 * @param net
	 *            a bayes net defining independence
	 * @param variables
	 *            the variables left to evaluate
	 * @param assignments
	 *            all assignments
	 * @return
	 */
	public static double enumerateAll(BayesNet net, List<Variable> variables,
			LinkedList<Assignment> assignments) {
		// if no variables left to evaluate,
		// leaf node reached.
		if (variables.isEmpty()) {
			return 1;
		}
		// evaluate variable, recurse on rest
		// PROLOG: [Variable|Rest].
		Variable variable = variables.get(0);
		List<Variable> rest = variables.subList(1, variables.size());
		// if current variable is hidden
		if (hidden(variable, assignments)) {
			// sum out all possible values for that variable
			double sumOut = 0;
			for (String value : variable.getDomain()) {
				// by temporarily adding each value to the asigned variable set
				LinkedList<Assignment> temp = new LinkedList<Assignment>();
				temp.addAll(assignments);
				temp.add(new Assignment(variable, value));

				// then evaluate this variable
				double val = net.getNodes().get(variable.getName()).eval(temp)
						.getProbability();
				// and all that depend on it
				val *= enumerateAll(net, rest, temp);

				sumOut += val;
			}
			return sumOut;
		}
		// if not just evaluate variable and continue.
		return net.getNodes().get(variable.getName()).eval(assignments)
				.getProbability()
				* enumerateAll(net, rest, assignments);
	}

}